References

cyberspace

Философские проблемы информационных технологий и киберпространства

Philosophical Problems of IT & Cyberspace (PhilIT&C)

2305-3763

Пятигорский государственный университет

10.17726/philIT.2023.2.3

cyberspace-281

Research Article

Статьи

Искусственный интеллект и эмоции

Artificial Intelligence and Emotions

Корсакова-Крейн

М. Н.

Korsakova-Krein

M. N.

Корсакова-Крейн Марина Николаевна, преподаватель

227 Запад, 60-я улица, Нью Йорк, 10023

Korsakova-Krein Marina Nikolaevna, Lecturer

227 West 60th Street, New York, 10023

mnkors@gmail.com

Университет Туро, Лэндер-колледж для женщинСоединённые Штаты АмерикиTouro University, Lander College for WomenUnited States

2023

18122023

023348

2023

Корсакова-Крейн М.Н.

Korsakova-Krein M.N.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://cyberspace.pgu.ru/jour/article/view/281

Развитие разума идет по пути биологической эволюции в сторону накопления и передачи информации со все возрастающей эффективностью. Помимо когнитивных констант речи (Солнцев, 1974), которые значительно улучшили передачу информации, люди создали вычислительные устройства, от абакуса до квантового компьютера. Возможности вычислительных машин из тех, что относят к категории искусственного интеллекта, развиваются со стремительной скоростью. Однако на современной стадии у искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) отсутствует модуль эмоций, и это делает ИИ принципиально отличным от человеческого интеллекта, так как жизнь разума у людей не может быть отделена от их чувств (Damasio, 2010; Panksepp, 1997). Само сознание формируется с помощью сенсорных и двигательных систем, то есть оно воплощено (Foglia & Wilson, 2013), что означает, что наша психическая жизнь неотделима от нашего сенсорно-двигательного опыта (Wellsby & Pexman, 2014). Эволюционно наш разум опирается на древние механизмы выживания, которые влияют на наши решения и выбор. Отсюда, например, вопрос, будет ли выбор Искусственного Интеллекта всегда благоприятен для человечества.

The development of the mind follows the path of biological evolution towards the accumulation and transmission of information with increasing efficiency. In addition to the cognitive constants of speech (Solntsev, 1974), which greatly improved the transmission of information, people have created computing devices, from the abacus to the quantum computer. The capabilities of computers classified as artificial intelligence are developing at a rapid pace. However, at the present stage, artificial intelligence (AI) lacks an emotion module, and this makes AI fundamentally different from human intelligence, since the life of the mind in humans cannot be separated from their feelings (Damasio, 2010; Panksepp, 1997). Consciousness itself is formed through the sensory and motor systems, that is, it is embodied (Foglia & Wilson, 2013), which means that our mental life is inseparable from our sensory motor experience (Wellsby & Pexman, 2014). Evolutionarily, our minds rely on ancient survival mechanisms that influence our decisions and choices. Hence, for example, the question whether the choice of Artificial Intelligence will always be favorable for humanity.

эмоцииискусственный интеллектвоплощенное сознаниемузыкальная психологиятональное пространствофеноменальная тональная гравитация.

emotionsartificial intelligenceembodied consciousnessmusic psychologytonal spacephenomenal tonal gravity

References1

Ashoori, A., Eagleman, D. M., & Jankovic, J. (2015). Effects of auditory rhythm and music on gait disturbances in Parkinson’s disease. Frontiers in Neurology. 6(234) https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2015.00234.

Aziz- Zadeh, L., Ivry, R. B. (2009) The human mirror neuron system and embodied representations. In: Sternad D. (eds) Progress in Motor Control. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol. 629. Springer, Boston, MA. doi.org/10.1007/978-0–387-77064-2_18.

Barkley, R. A. (2001). The executive functions and self-regulation: Anevolutionary neuropsychological perspective. Neuropsychology Review 11, 1-29. doi.org/10.1023/A:1009085417776.

Blain, B. & Sharot, T. (2021). Intrinsic reward: potential cognitive and neural mechanisms. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 39: 113-118. doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.03.008.

Bidelman, G. M. & Krishnan, A. (2009). Neural correlates of consonance, dissonance, and the hierarchy of musical pitch in the human brainstem. The Journal of Neuroscience, 29 (42), 13165-13171.

Bidelman G. M. & Krishnan A. (2011). Brainstem correlates of behavioral and compositional preferences of musical harmony. NeuroReport, 22:212- 216.

Bowling, D. & Purves, D. (2015). A biological rationale for musical consonance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(36), 11115-11160.

Chiandetti, C. & Vallortigara, G. (2011). Chicks like consonant music. Psychological science, 22(10), 1270-1273.

Colliver, Y., Harrison, L. J., Brown, J. E., & Humburg, P. (2022). Free play predicts self-regulation years later: Longitudinal evidence from a large Australian sample of toddlers and preschoolers. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 59, 148-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.11.011.

Damasio, A. (2010). The Self comes to mind. Constructing the conscious brain. New York, NY: Pantheon.

Damasio, A. (1994). Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain. New York, NY: Penguin Publishing Group.

Damasio, A. R. (1996). The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the prefrontal cortex, Philosophical Transaction: Biological Sciences, 351, 1413-1420.

Дубровский, И., Евсеев, С., Способин, И., Соколов, В. (1965). Учебник гармонии: Москва.

Федотчев, А. И., Парин, С. Б., Полевая, С. А., Земляная, А. А. (2019). Эффекты аудио- визуальной стимуляции автоматически контролируют биоэлектрические потенциалы мозга и сердца человека. Человеческая физиология. 45 (5), 523-526. doi::10.1134/s0362119719050025.

Forgeard, M., Winner, E., Norton, A., & Schlaug, G. (2008). Practicing a musical instrument in childhood is associated with enhanced verbal ability and nonverbal reasoning. PLoS ONE. 2008;3: e3566-e3566.

Ferrero, G. (1894). L’inertie mentale et la loi du moindre effort. Revue Philosophique de la France et de l’Étranger, 37, 169-182.

Foglia, L. & Wilson, R. A. (2013). Embodied cognition. WIREs Cognitive Science, doi: 10.1002/wcs.1226.

Friston, K. (2010). The free-energy principle: A unified brain theory? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11 (2), 127-138. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn2787.

Gogoularadja, A. & Bakshi, S. S. (2020). A randomized study on the efficacy of music therapy on pain and anxiety in nasal septal surgery. International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology, e232-e236. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3402438.

Helmholtz, H. L. F. (1975/2009). On the sensations of tone as a physiological basis for the theory of music. 3rd edition, Tr. Ellis, A. J., Cambridge University Press: UK.

Hensch, T.K. (2016). The power of the infant brain. Scientific American, 64-69.

Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1970). The period of susceptibility to the physiological effects of unilateral eye closure in kittens. Journal of Physiology, 206, 419-436.

Ito, T. A., Larsen, J. T., Smith, N. K., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1998). Negative information weighs more heavily on the brain: The negativity bias in evaluative categorizations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75 (4), 887-900.

Kirchhoff, M., Parr, T., Palacios, E., Friston, K., & Kiverstein, J. (2018). The Markov blankets of life: autonomy, active inference and the free energy principle. Journal of the Royal Society. Interface. 15(138). DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0792.

Koziol, L. F., Budding, D. & Chidekel, D. (2011). Sensory integration, sensory processing, and sensory modulation disorders: Putative functional neuroanatomic underpinnings, The Cerebellum, 10(4), 770-92. DOI: 10.1007/s12311-011-0288-8.

Krumhansl, C. L. (1997). An exploratory study of musical emotions and psychophysiology. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51, 336-335.

Krumhansl, C. L. (2005). The cognition of tonality – as we know it today. Journal of New Music Research, 33, 253-268.

Krumhansl, C. L. & Kessler, E. (1982). Tracing the dynamic changes in perceived tonal organization in a spatial representation of musical keys. Psychological Review, 89, 334-368.

Lerdahl, F. & Krumhansl, C. L. (2007). Modelling tonal tension. Music Perception, 24(4), 329-366.

KorsakovaKreyn, M. (2018). Two-level model of embodied cognition in music. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain, 28(4), 240-259. DOI: 10.1037/pmu000022.

Корсакова-Крейн, М. (2019). Язык музыки и его психофизические основы (обзор). Новые технологии в медицине. 11 (1), 40-45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17691/stm2019.11.1.04.

Корсакова, М. Н. (2022). Мозг и музыка: Как чувства проявляют себя в музыке и почему ее понимание доступно всем. М.: АСТ, Прайм, Россия.

Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. (1999). Philosophy in the flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to Western thought. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Leviatan, S., Shoer, S., Rothschild, D. et al. (2022). An expanded reference map of the human gut microbiome reveals hundreds of previously unknown species. Nature Communications, 13, 3863 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31502-1.

Лангер, С. (1942/2000). Философия в новом ключе: исследованиесимволики разума, ритуала и искусства. (Пер. с англ. С. П. Евтушенко; Общ. ред. и послесловие. В. П. Шестакова). М.: Мыслители XX века. ISBN 5-250-027-47-4.

Luria, A. R. (1973). The working brain: An introduction to neuropsychology. New York, NY: Basic Books.

MacLean, M.D. (1952). Some psychiatric implications of physiological studies on frontotemporal portion of limbic system (visceral brain). Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 4 (4), 407-418.

MacLean, P.D. (1990). The triune brain in evolution. Role in paleocerebral functions. New York, NY: Plenum Press.

Merleau-Ponty, M. (1945/1962). Phenomenology of perception. Trans. C. Smith. London, UK: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Modell, H., Cliff, W. Michael, J., McFarland. J., Wenderoth, M.P. & Wright, A. (2015). A physiologist’s view of homeostasis. Advances in Physiology Education. 39(4), 259-66. doi: 10.1152/advan.00107.2015.

Nilsson, U. (2008). The anxiety and pain reducing effect of music interventions in perioperative care; a systematic review, AORN Journal, 87(4), 780-807.

Panksepp, J. (1998a). Affective neuroscience: The foundations of human and animal emotions. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Panksepp, J. (1998b). The periconscious substrates of consciousness: affective states and the evolutionary origins of the SELF. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 5, 566-582.

Panksepp, J., and Biven, L. (2012). The archaeology of mind: Neuroevolutionary origins of human emotion. New York, N Y: W. W. Norton & Company

Panksepp, J. (2005). Affective consciousness: core emotional feelings in animals and humans. Consciousness and Cognition. 14, 30-80. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2004.10.004.

Парин, С. (2022). Стресс, боль и опиоиды. Об эндорфинах и не только. Издательство Дискурс: Минск, Беларусь.

Pearl, J. (1988). Probabilistic reasoning in intelligent systems: Networks of plausible inference. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.

Ramachandran, V. S. & Hubbard, E. M. (2003). Hearing colors, tasting shapes, Scientific American, 288(5), 42-49.

Robson, A. L. (2002). Critical/sensitive periods. Child Development. Ed. Neil J. Salkind. New York: Macmillan USA.

Särkämö, T., Tervaniemi, M., Laitinen, S., Forsblom, A., Soinila, S. et al. (2008). Music listening enhances cognitive recovery and mood after middle cerebral artery stroke. Brain, 131, 866-876.

Солнцев В. М. К (1974). К вопросу о семантике или языковом значении (вместо предисловия). Проблемы семантики, М.: Наука.

Shepard, R. & Cooper, L. (1982). Mental images and their transformations. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Schoenberg, A. (1954/1969). Structural functions of harmony. Stein, L. (Tr.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Schellenberg, E. G., Bigand, E., Poulin-Charronnat, B., Garnier, C., & Stevens, C. (2005). Children’s implicit knowledge of harmony in Western music. Developmental Science, 8 (6), 551-566.

Scruton, R. (1997). The Aesthetics of Music, Oxford University Press: UK.

Seinfeld, S., Figueroa. H., Ortiz-Gil, J., & Sanchez-Vives, M.V. (2013). Effects of music learning and piano practice on cognitive function, mood and quality of life in older adults. Frontiers in Psychology. 1,4:810. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00810.

Шеннон, К. (2002). Работы по теории информации и кибернетике. М.: Издательство иностранной литературы.

Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (2008). The evolutionary psychology of the emotions and their relationship to internal regulatory variables. In M. Lewis, J. M. Haviland-Jones, & L. F. Barrett (Eds.), 3rd edition. Handbook of emotions. New York, NY: Guilford.

Trainor, L. J. (2004). Are there critical periods for music development? Developmental Psychobiology, 46, 262-278.

Trainor, L. J. & Heinmiller, B. M. (1998). Infants prefer to listen to consonance over dissonance. Infant Behavior and Development. 77-88.

Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (1991). The embodied mind. Cognitive science and human experience. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Virtala, P. & M. Tervaniemi. (2017). Neurocognition of major- minor and consonance- dissonance. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 34 (4), 387-404.

Watt, D. F., & Pincus, D. I. (2004). Neural substrates of consciousness: implications for clinical psychiatry. In Textbook of Psychiatry, ed. J. Panksepp (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley), 75-110.

Wellsby, M. & Pexman, P. M. (2014). Developing embodied cognition: insights from children’s concepts and language processing. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1-10.

Wynn, K., & Bloom, P. (2014). The moral baby. In M. Killen & J. G. Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (pp. 435-453). Psychology Press.

Zhang, S., Sharif, S. M. S., Chen, Y-C. et al. (2016). Clinical features for diagnosis and management of patients with PRDM12 congenital insensitivity to pain. Journal of Medical Genetics, 53(8). DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103646.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.