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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cyberspace</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Философские проблемы информационных технологий и киберпространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Philosophical Problems of IT &amp; Cyberspace (PhilIT&amp;C)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2305-3763</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Пятигорский государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17726/philIT.2024.1.5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cyberspace-310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый способ нахождения аналогов как возможность исследования языка, мышления и построения систем искусственного интеллекта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A new way of finding analogues as an opportunity to study language, thinking and build artificial intelligence systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомяков</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomyakov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хомяков Александр Борисович - независимый исследователь, магистр физических наук.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Khomyakov - independent researcher, Master of Physical Sciences.</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.xom@gmail.com</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чижик</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chizhik</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чижик Петр - независимый исследователь, магистр информатики.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr Chizhik - independent researcher, Master of Computer Science.</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хомяков А.Б., Чижик П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хомяков А.Б., Чижик П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khomyakov A.B., Chizhik P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cyberspace.pgu.ru/jour/article/view/310">https://cyberspace.pgu.ru/jour/article/view/310</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлен новый способ получения аналогов слов, отличающийся простотой и отсутствием необходимости предварительного обучения на больших данных, как в существующих методах. В предложенном методе аналоги определяются по их синтаксическим предикатам с применением методов дистрибутивной семантики. В исследовании были получены и проанализированы аналоги прилагательных, существительных и глаголов. Это позволило прийти к результату, который не уступает результатам, полученным с помощью наиболее популярного нейросетевого подхода word2vec, при качественном сравнении аналогов. Демонстрируемый метод показывает, что получение аналогов возможно на методах дистрибутивной семантики с применением более интерпретируемого метода, что открывает возможность исследования семантической аналогии. Данный метод позволяет также определять аналоги по определенной тематике. На основе полученных экспериментальных результатов формулируется оригинальное определение аналогов и когнитивных схем. Также в статье анализируется и обосновывается возможность нового подхода для создания систем искусственного интеллекта на основе исследованного метода. По мнению авторов, это дает значительные преимущества для создания таких систем. В частности, предлагаемый метод позволяет создавать более широкие обобщения на порядки меньших данных, а также обучение во время использования, что недоступно для нейросетей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a new method for obtaining analogues of words, characterized by simplicity and the absence of the need for preliminary training on large data as in existing methods. In the method under study, analogues are determined by their syntactic predicates using methods of distributive semantics. In the study, analogues of adjectives, nouns and verbs were obtained and analyzed. This made it possible to obtain a result that is not inferior to the results obtained using the most popular neural network approach as word2vec when qualitatively comparing analogues. The demonstrated method shows that obtaining analogues is possible using methods of distributive semantics using a more interpretable method, which opens up the possibility of studying semantic analogy. This method also allows you to identify analogues on a specific topic. Based on the experimental results obtained, an original definition of analogues and cognitive schemes is formulated. The article also analyzes and substantiates the possibility of a new approach for creating artificial intelligence systems based on the researched method. According to the authors, this provides significant advantages for the creation of such systems. In particular, the proposed method allows for broader generalizations over orders of magnitude smaller data, as well as learning during use, which is not possible for neural networks.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дистрибутивная семантика</kwd><kwd>нейросети</kwd><kwd>компьютерная лингвистика</kwd><kwd>word2vec</kwd><kwd>аналоги</kwd><kwd>синонимы</kwd><kwd>семантическая близость</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distributional semantics</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>computational linguistics</kwd><kwd>word2vec</kwd><kwd>analogues</kwd><kwd>semantic proximity</kwd><kwd>AI</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikolov Т., Chen К., Corrado G., Dean J. 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